ABSTRACT Antibiotics have been applied to honey bee (Apis mellifera) hives for decades to treat Paenibacillus larvae. which causes American foulbrood disease and kills honey bee larvae. One of the few antibiotics approved in apiculture is tylosin tartrate. This study examined how a realistic hive treatment regimen of tylosin affected the gut microbiota of bees and susceptibility to a ... https://megavitamines.shop/product-category/boron/